A locus of control scale for children
- Författare
- Nowicki S, Strickland BR.
- Titel
- A locus of control scale for children
- Utgivningsår
- 1973
- Tidskrift
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Volym
- 40
- Häfte
- 1
- Sidor
- 148-54
- Sammanfattning
A study to produce a reliable, methodological precise
measure of generalized locus of control of reinforcement, which can
be group administered to a wide range of children, is reported. The
measure produced, the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale, is a
paper and pencil instrument of 40 questions which are marked either
yes or no. The scale was administered to 1017 mostly Caucasian
elementary and high school students, grades 3 through 12, with all
socioeconomic levels except the very highest represented. All mean
intelligence scores were in the average range. Results of the test
administration include: (1) the student's responses became more
internal with age, and substantial individual dif ferences occurred at
the third-grade level; (2) all item-total relationships were moderate
but consistent for all ages; (3) locus of control scores were not
significantly related to social desirability; (4) it was tentaively
concluded that internality is related significantly to higher
occupational level, especially for males; and (5) there was a clear
relationship between locus of control and achievement scores; all
correlations were negative, with most of the significant correlations
present in the male group. Two revised scales of 20 items and 21
items for primary and secondary groups, respectively, were
constructed; the scale was also adopted for use with college and
adult subjects. Eight tables present the study data, and samples of
the 20 and 21 item scales are given. (DB)